Hmmm, I don't get it. Were these sticky thin overlays or were they solid unflexible replacement pieces? If they were overlays AND the graphics match the originals then you should see at least some light through the white graphics. now, if they were solid plastic pieces you are not likely to get any light passing through.
First verify that your cluster bulbs are connected. May be you accidentally dropped a connection.
I did something similar to my 08 Aveo5. They were thin adhesive backed decals in yellow which lay on top of the original tach and speedo. If you compare the graphics on the tach and speedo they are the same as the originals. That is why the light can shine through.